Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Sat 14 Aug 2004

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 03:30 on Sat 14 Aug to 05:09 on Sun 15 Aug, so only Saturday night’s nishitha (01:44 Sun–02:25 Sun) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:09 here. Trayodashi ended at 03:30, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 05:09 Sun, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 13 Aug ran from sunset 21:00 Fri to sunrise 07:09, 10 h 9 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 40 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:09 to 20:58, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 43 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 20:58 to 07:10 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 16 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Pushya spans 93°20′–106°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 93°20′. It leaves at 05:18 Sun, for Ashlesha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 117.7° + 95.4° = 213.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 07:33, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 16:23, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 05:09 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:09 to 07:10 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 16:23 Sat to 16 Aug 06:23 Mon the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 16:18 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2004, 02:41 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 141° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2061; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1926.