Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 9 Jan 2016

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya begins at 07:54 on Sat 9 Jan, after that sunrise, and ends at 07:00 on Sun 10 Jan, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Sat 9 Jan. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:04 here. Trayodashi ended at 08:13 Fri, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 07:54, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 25 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Amavasya began at 07:54 and ended at 07:00 Sun, between the sunrises of 07:04 and 07:04 Sun. Saturday reads Chaturdashi and Sunday reads Pratipada: Amavasya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 8 Jan ran from sunset 18:06 Fri to sunrise 07:04, 12 h 58 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:04 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 07:04 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 250°. It leaves at 10:00, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 264.1° + 251.7° = 515.8°, one full turn and 155.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 14:02, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 20:08 Fri, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 07:54.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:04 to 07:04 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 10 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 10 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2015, 15:06 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 288.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2072; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1937.