Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 16 Oct 2001

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 04:02 on Tue 16 Oct to 00:53 on Wed 17 Oct, so it holds sunrise only on Tue 16 Oct, at 06:23. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Chaturdashi ended at 04:02, before it. Amavasya ends at 00:53 Wed, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 15 Oct ran from sunset 18:06 Mon to sunrise 06:23, 12 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 18:05, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:05 to 06:24 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 166°40′. It leaves at 14:40, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 178.9° + 168.2° = 347.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 02:03 Wed, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada runs until 14:26, when the lead reaches 354°; Nagava until 00:53 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:24 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Sep 15:57 Mon to 17 Oct 00:53 Wed the Sun stayed in Kanya, entering Tula at 17 Oct 10:07 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashwina, before Ashwina itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina (Adhik) here, and Ashwina (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 25 Mar 2001, 06:51 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 198.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2058; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1923.