Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 17 Aug 1997

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 156°–168° is the 14th, Shukla Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Trayodashi ended at 23:16 Sat, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 19:59, when the lead reaches 168°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 3 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 16 Aug ran from sunset 18:56 Sat to sunrise 06:10, 11 h 14 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:55, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:55 to 06:10 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shravana spans 280°00′–293°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 280°. It leaves at 03:05 Mon, for Dhanishtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 120.3° + 280.3° = 400.6°, one full turn and 40.6°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 01:19 Mon, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 09:40, when the lead reaches 162°; Vanija until 19:59.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:10 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Karka gives Shravana. The Sun enters Simha on 16 Aug, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Sep, finds it in Simha and begins Bhadrapada.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 3 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana. This Shukla paksha reads Shravana in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 1997, 16:31 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 126.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2054; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1919.