Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 13 May 1972

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 13:31 on Fri 12 May to 09:38 on Sat 13 May, so it holds sunrise only on Sat 13 May, at 05:55. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Chaturdashi ended at 13:31 Fri, before it. Amavasya ends at 09:38, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Pratipada began at 09:38 and ended at 05:51 Sun, between the sunrises of 05:55 and 05:54 Sun. Saturday reads Amavasya and Sunday reads Dwitiya: Pratipada is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 12 May ran from sunset 18:55 Fri to sunrise 05:55, 11 h 0 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 18:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:56 to 05:54 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Bharani spans 13°20′–26°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 23°20′. It leaves at 05:55, for Krittika.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 28.9° + 26.6° = 55.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 22:24, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada ended at 23:34 Fri, when the lead reached 354°; Nagava runs until 09:38.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:54 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Apr 02:00 Fri to 13 May 09:38 the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 09:56 Sun, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) here, and Vaishakha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 1972, 17:04 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 57.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2029; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1894.