Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 11 Aug 1920

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 19:03 on Wed 11 Aug to 15:43 on Thu 12 Aug, so it touches only Wednesday’s pradosha (18:59–21:13). No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:08 here. Ekadashi ended at 22:12 Tue, before it. Dwadashi ends at 19:03, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 10 Aug ran from sunset 19:00 Tue to sunrise 06:08, 11 h 8 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:08 to 18:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:59 to 06:08 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 70°. It leaves at 19:23, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.3° + 71.8° = 187.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 01:45 Thu, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 08:39, when the lead reaches 318°; Taitila until 19:03.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:08 to 06:08 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jul 01:54 Fri to 14 Aug 09:13 Sat the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 04:12 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1920, 16:25 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 138.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1977; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1842.