Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sat 14 Jul 2091

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 11:42 on Sat 14 Jul to 11:45 on Sun 15 Jul, so only Saturday night’s nishitha (23:53–00:44 Sun) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:44 here. Dwadashi ended at 11:04 Fri, before it. Trayodashi ends at 11:42, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 30 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 13 Jul ran from sunset 17:53 Fri to sunrise 06:44, 12 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:44 to 17:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:53 to 06:43 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mrigashira spans 53°20′–66°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 60°. It leaves at 17:57, for Ardra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 87.1° + 60.7° = 147.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 03:54 Sun, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 23:27 Fri, when the lead reached 330°; Vanija runs until 11:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:44 to 06:43 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jun 23:42 Sat to 16 Jul 11:17 Mon the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 17 Jul 06:52 Tue, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2091, 00:47 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 112.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2148; Shaka Samvat numbers it 2013.