Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 20 Apr 2010

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 72°–84° is the 7th, Shukla Saptami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Shashthi ended at 05:57, before it. Saptami ends at 04:16 Wed, when the lead reaches 84°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 14 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 05:51, came before Shashthi ended at 14:27: this day reads Shashthi.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:23, came after Shashthi ended at 05:57: this day reads Saptami.

The night of Mon 19 Apr ran from sunset 18:00 Mon to sunrise 06:23, 12 h 23 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 18:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:00 to 06:23 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 76°40′. It leaves at 09:07, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 6.2° + 78.4° = 84.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 20:29, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Saptami is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 17:09, when the lead reaches 78°; Vanija until 04:16 Wed.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:23 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Apr 09:28 Wed to 13 May 22:04 Thu the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 14 May 19:16 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 15 Mar 2010, 18:01 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 35° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2067; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1932.