Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Wed 30 Jul 1947

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:40 here. Dwadashi ended at 15:35 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 18:05, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 29 Jul ran from sunset 17:57 Tue to sunrise 06:40, 12 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:40 to 17:58, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:58 to 06:39 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 253°20′. It leaves at 08:10 Thu, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 103.3° + 254.1° = 357.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 11:37, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 04:50, when the lead reached 150°; Taitila runs until 18:05.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:40 to 06:39 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 01:15 Fri to 16 Aug 08:12 Sat the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 17:42 Sat, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 1947, 13:34 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 125.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2004; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1869.