Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Tue 10 Apr 1945

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 17:13 on Tue 10 Apr to 13:25 on Wed 11 Apr, so only Tuesday night’s nishitha (23:49–00:38 Wed) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Dwadashi ended at 20:40 Mon, before it. Trayodashi ends at 17:13, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 9 Apr ran from sunset 18:08 Mon to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 12 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:07, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:07 to 06:21 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 16:57, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 357.1° + 326.6° = 683.7°, one full turn and 323.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 20:42, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 07:00, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 17:13.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:21 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 00:50 Wed to 12 Apr 09:29 Thu the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 06:29 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) here, and Chaitra (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1945, 00:50 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 27° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2002; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1867.