Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Mon 9 Apr 1945

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 20:40 on Mon 9 Apr to 17:13 on Tue 10 Apr, between the two evenings’ pradosha, touching neither. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier day: Mon 9 Apr. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:20 here. Ekadashi ended at 23:38 Sun, before it. Dwadashi ends at 20:40, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Mar, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:02, came before Ekadashi ended at 09:08: this day reads Ekadashi. Dwadashi ends at 06:10 Tue, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Dwadashi: it is kshaya.

Ipameri · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:20, came after Ekadashi ended at 23:38 Sun: this day reads Dwadashi.

The night of Sun 8 Apr ran from sunset 18:08 Sun to sunrise 06:20, 12 h 12 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:20 to 18:08, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 28 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:08 to 06:20 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 31 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shatabhisha spans 306°40′–320°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 310°. It leaves at 19:37, for Purva Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 356.1° + 311.9° = 668°, one full turn and 308°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 00:44 Tue, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 10:13, when the lead reaches 318°; Taitila until 20:40.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:20 to 06:20 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 00:50 Wed to 12 Apr 09:29 Thu the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 06:29 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 12 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, begins Chaitra (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) here, and Chaitra (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1945, 00:50 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 26° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2002; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1867.