Panchang in Ipameri, Goiás, Brazil Sun 11 Aug 1901

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 08:27 on Sun 11 Aug to 07:04 on Mon 12 Aug, so only Sunday’s pradosha (17:54–20:25) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Ipameri

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 312°–324° is the 27th, Krishna Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:34 here. Ekadashi ended at 10:12 Sat, before it. Dwadashi ends at 08:34, when the lead reaches 324°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 31 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 10 Aug ran from sunset 18:01 Sat to sunrise 06:34, 12 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:34 to 18:01, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 25 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:01 to 06:33 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ardra spans 66°40′–80°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 76°40′. It leaves at 09:17, for Punarvasu.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 115.5° + 78.4° = 193.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 16:27, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 21:21 Sat, when the lead reached 318°; Taitila runs until 08:34.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:34 to 06:33 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Jul 19:10 Mon to 14 Aug 05:27 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 15 Aug 22:52 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 1901, 09:52 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 138.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1958; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1823.