Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Wed 5 Jan 2000

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:01 here. Trayodashi ended at 11:01 Tue, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 13:40, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 22 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 4 Jan ran from sunset 19:27 Tue to sunrise 07:01, 11 h 34 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:01 to 19:27, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:27 to 07:02 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 243°20′. It leaves at 22:57, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 260.5° + 245.5° = 506°, one full turn and 146°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 133°20′–146°40′ is the 11th, Vriddhi. It ends at 08:23, then Dhruva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 00:21, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 13:40.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:01 to 07:02 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 16 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 6 Jan, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 6 Jan, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 1999, 15:47 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 287.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2056; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1921.