Panchang in Davinópolis, Maranhão, Brazil Mon 12 Jan 1925

Lohri’s bonfire is lit on the evening before Makar Sankranti. The Sun enters Makara at 08:47 Tue, and Makar Sankranti is on Tue 13 Jan: Mon 12 Jan. No text giving Lohri’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Lohri: every date in Davinópolis

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:05 here. Dwitiya ended at 04:27, before it. Tritiya ends at 06:21 Tue, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Tritiya began at 04:27, before sunrise at 06:05, and ends at 06:21 Tue, after the next sunrise at 06:05 Tue. Both days read Tritiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:15, came before Dwitiya ended at 12:57: this day reads Dwitiya.

Davinópolis · UTC−3

Sunrise here, 06:05, came after Dwitiya ended at 04:27: this day reads Tritiya.

The night of Sun 11 Jan ran from sunset 18:30 Sun to sunrise 06:05, 11 h 35 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:05 to 18:30, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:30 to 06:05 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 113°20′. It leaves at 18:44, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 268.9° + 113.6° = 382.5°, one full turn and 22.5°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 13:44, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 17:27, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 06:21 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:05 to 06:05 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 13 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 4 Apr 1924, 04:17 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 277.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1981; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1846.