Panchang in Codcod, Western Visayas, Philippines Mon 14 Aug 2023

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 12:55 on Mon 14 Aug to 15:13 on Tue 15 Aug, so only Monday night’s nishitha (23:28–00:15 Tue) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Codcod

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:37 here. Dwadashi ended at 10:50 Sun, before it. Trayodashi ends at 12:55, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 13 Aug ran from sunset 18:06 Sun to sunrise 05:37, 11 h 31 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 46 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:37 to 18:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:06 to 05:37 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 86°40′. It leaves at 13:36, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 116.7° + 89.4° = 206.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 19:09, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 23:51 Sun, when the lead reached 330°; Vanija runs until 12:55.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:37 to 05:37 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 02:31 Tue to 16 Aug 17:38 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 16:02 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2023, 01:23 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 140.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.