Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Wed 16 Nov 2022

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:22 here. Saptami ended at 05:50, before it. Ashtami ends at 07:57 Thu, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 8 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ashtami began at 05:50, before sunrise at 06:22, and ends at 07:57 Thu, after the next sunrise at 06:22 Thu. Both days read Ashtami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Tue 15 Nov ran from sunset 17:58 Tue to sunrise 06:22, 12 h 24 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:22 to 17:58, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:58 to 06:22 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 113°20′. It leaves at 18:58, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 209.5° + 113.7° = 323.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 01:07 Thu, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 18:57, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 07:57 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:22 to 06:22 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 1 Apr 2022, 11:54 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 222.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2079; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1944.