Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Thu 24 Jan 2019

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 23:59 on Wed 23 Jan to 20:53 on Thu 24 Jan, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Thu 24 Jan. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Thazhecode

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:50 here. Tritiya ended at 23:59 Wed, before it. Chaturthi ends at 20:53, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 21 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 23 Jan ran from sunset 18:25 Wed to sunrise 06:50, 12 h 25 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:50 to 18:25, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:25 to 06:50 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 136°40′. It leaves at 18:21, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 279.6° + 139.6° = 419.2°, one full turn and 59.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 53°20′–66°40′ is the 5th, Shobhana. It ends at 18:10, then Atiganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 10:23, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 20:53.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:50 to 06:50 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 14 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 5 Feb, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Feb, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 18:41 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 306.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.