Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Sun 10 Jul 2016

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 60°–72° is the 6th, Shukla Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:08 here. Panchami ended at 13:36 Sat, before it. Shashthi ends at 15:08, when the lead reaches 72°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 4 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 9 Jul ran from sunset 18:53 Sat to sunrise 06:08, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:08 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 06:09 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 150°. It leaves at 22:09, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 84.1° + 151.9° = 236°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 226°40′–240°00′ is the 18th, Variyana. It ends at 13:24, then Parigha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 02:18, when the lead reached 66°; Taitila runs until 15:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:08 to 06:09 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 7 Apr 2016, 16:53 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 90.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2073; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1938.