Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Mon 12 Oct 2015

The shraddha for all ancestors is done in aparahna, the fourth fifth of the day. Amavasya runs from 02:58 on Mon 12 Oct to 05:35 on Tue 13 Oct, so only Monday’s aparahna (13:24–15:47) falls within it. No text giving Sarva Pitru Amavasya’s time was found; aparahna is Tithika’s convention.

Sarva Pitru Amavasya: every date in Thazhecode

Amavasya follows the tithi at sunrise. Amavasya runs from 02:58 on Mon 12 Oct to 05:35 on Tue 13 Oct, so it holds sunrise only on Mon 12 Oct, at 06:15. No text giving Amavasya’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Amavasya: every date in Thazhecode

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 348°–360° is the 30th, Krishna Amavasya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:15 here. Chaturdashi ended at 02:58, before it. Amavasya ends at 05:35 Tue, when the lead reaches 360°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 11 Oct ran from sunset 18:10 Sun to sunrise 06:15, 12 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:15 to 18:10, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:10 to 06:15 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 163°20′. It leaves at 01:40 Tue, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 174.3° + 163.8° = 338.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 333°20′–346°40′ is the 26th, Indra. It ends at 22:22, then Vaidhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Amavasya is Chatushpada and the second Nagava. Chatushpada runs until 16:18, when the lead reaches 354°; Nagava until 05:35 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:15 to 06:15 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 13 Oct, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2015, 15:06 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 198.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2072; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1937.