Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Fri 10 Jul 2015

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 276°–288° is the 24th, Krishna Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:08 here. Ashtami ended at 12:55 Thu, before it. Navami ends at 11:09, when the lead reaches 288°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 9 Jul ran from sunset 18:53 Thu to sunrise 06:08, 11 h 15 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:08 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 06:09 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 6°40′. It leaves at 14:09, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 83.4° + 8.7° = 92.1°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 08:06, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 00:00, when the lead reached 282°; Garaja runs until 11:09.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:08 to 06:09 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 16 Jun 19:35 Tue to 16 Jul 06:54 Thu the Sun stayed in Mithuna, entering Karka at 17 Jul 04:02 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Ashadha, before Ashadha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha (Adhik) here, and Ashadha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 20 Mar 2015, 15:06 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 108° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2072; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1937.