Panchang in Thazhecode, Kerala Thu 18 Jul 2013

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 108°–120° is the 10th, Shukla Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:10 here. Navami ended at 18:49 Wed, before it. Dashami ends at 16:42, when the lead reaches 120°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 8 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Wed 17 Jul ran from sunset 18:53 Wed to sunrise 06:10, 11 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:10 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 06:11 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Vishakha spans 200°00′–213°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 203°20′. It leaves at 19:02, for Anuradha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 91.5° + 205.7° = 297.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 21:03, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 05:50, when the lead reached 114°; Garaja runs until 16:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:10 to 06:11 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 7 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 8 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 15:05 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 94.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.