Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Fri 14 Apr 2023

The Sun enters Mesha at 13:28, between sunrise (06:23) and sunset (19:37): Fri 14 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 276°–288° is the 24th, Krishna Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:23 here. Ashtami ended at 00:04, before it. Navami ends at 21:43, when the lead reaches 288°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 6 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 13 Apr ran from sunset 19:36 Thu to sunrise 06:23, 10 h 47 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:23 to 19:37, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:37 to 06:22 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Ashadha spans 266°40′–280°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 276°40′. It leaves at 07:44, for Shravana.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.7° + 279.2° = 638.9°, one full turn and 278.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 08:06, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 10:55, when the lead reaches 282°; Garaja until 21:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:23 to 06:22 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 14 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 20 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 20 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 21:23 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 23.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.