Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Wed 8 May 2013

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 01:31 on Wed 8 May to 02:47 on Thu 9 May, so only Wednesday night’s nishitha (00:36 Thu–01:15 Thu) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Trayodashi ended at 01:31, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 02:47 Thu, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 25 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 7 May ran from sunset 20:01 Tue to sunrise 05:50, 9 h 49 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 39 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 20:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 46 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 20:02 to 05:49 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 13 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 0°. It leaves at 04:32 Thu, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 23.6° + 1.7° = 25.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 08:21, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 14:06, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 02:47 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:49 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 10 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 10 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 10 Apr 2013, 13:35 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 27° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2070; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1935.