Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Wed 16 Nov 2011

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:46 here. Chaturthi ended at 07:21 Tue, before it. Panchami ends at 08:03, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 11 Nov, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Panchami began at 07:21 Tue, before sunrise at 07:45 Tue, and ends at 08:03, after the next sunrise at 07:46. Both days read Panchami: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Tue 15 Nov ran from sunset 17:43 Tue to sunrise 07:46, 14 h 3 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 56 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:46 to 17:42, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 14 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:42 to 07:47 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 45 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 86°40′. It leaves at 15:22, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 209.4° + 89.3° = 298.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 21:36, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 19:46 Tue, when the lead reached 234°; Taitila runs until 08:03.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:46 to 07:47 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Tula gives Kartika. The Sun enters Vrishchika on 16 Nov, inside the month. The next new moon, 25 Nov, finds it in Vrishchika and begins Margashirsha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 25 Nov, with the Sun in Vrishchika, begins Margashirsha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Margashirsha here, and Kartika in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 2011, 19:32 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 219.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2068; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1933.