Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Sat 20 Jan 2007

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 08:19 here. Pratipada ended at 05:58, before it. Dwitiya ends at 03:40 Sun, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 19 Jan, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise.

New Delhi · IST

Sunrise here, 07:14, came before Pratipada ended at 07:28: this day reads Pratipada. Dwitiya ends at 05:10 Sun, before the next sunrise, so no day here reads Dwitiya: it is kshaya.

Sevan · UTC+4

Sunrise here, 08:19, came after Pratipada ended at 05:58: this day reads Dwitiya.

The night of Fri 19 Jan ran from sunset 18:01 Fri to sunrise 08:19, 14 h 18 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 57 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 08:19 to 18:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 12 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:02 to 08:18 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 47 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shravana spans 280°00′–293°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 286°40′. It leaves at 15:31, for Dhanishtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 275.8° + 289.1° = 564.9°, one full turn and 204.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 200°00′–213°20′ is the 16th, Siddhi. It ends at 21:41, then Vyatipata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 16:50, when the lead reaches 18°; Kaulava until 03:40 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 08:19 to 08:18 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Makara gives Magha. The Sun enters Kumbha on 13 Feb, inside the month. The next new moon, 17 Feb, finds it in Kumbha and begins Phalguna.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 19 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, began Magha. This Shukla paksha reads Magha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 29 Mar 2006, 15:15 Wed. Since then the Sun has moved 291.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2063; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1928.