Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Mon 13 Apr 1981

The Sun enters Mesha at 19:59, between sunrise (07:25) and sunset (20:36): Mon 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 108°–120° is the 10th, Shukla Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:25 here. Navami ended at 03:47, before it. Dashami ends at 04:18 Tue, when the lead reaches 120°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sun 12 Apr ran from sunset 20:35 Sun to sunrise 07:25, 10 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:25 to 20:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 20:36 to 07:23 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashlesha spans 106°40′–120°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 106°40′. It leaves at 03:40 Tue, for Magha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.5° + 109.3° = 468.8°, one full turn and 108.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 106°40′–120°00′ is the 9th, Shula. It ends at 03:06 Tue, then Ganda.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila runs until 15:58, when the lead reaches 114°; Garaja until 04:18 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:25 to 07:23 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 4 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Apr, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra. This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 1981, 01:19 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 8.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2038; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1903.