Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Wed 18 Mar 1964

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 48°–60° is the 5th, Shukla Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:07 here. Chaturthi ended at 20:36 Tue, before it. Panchami ends at 18:06, when the lead reaches 60°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 14 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 17 Mar ran from sunset 19:08 Tue to sunrise 07:07, 11 h 59 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:07 to 19:09, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:09 to 07:05 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Krittika spans 26°40′–40°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 26°40′. It leaves at 03:02 Thu, for Rohini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 334.2° + 28.1° = 362.3°, one full turn and 2.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 0°00′–13°20′ is the 1st, Vishkambha. It ends at 00:23 Thu, then Priti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 07:20, when the lead reaches 54°; Balava until 18:06.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:07 to 07:05 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 14 Mar 06:13 Sat to 12 Apr 16:37 Sun the Sun stayed in Meena, entering Mesha at 13 Apr 10:22 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Chaitra, before Chaitra itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 14 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 1964, 06:13 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2021; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1886.