Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Thu 13 Apr 1961

The Sun enters Mesha at 15:52, between sunrise (06:25) and sunset (19:36): Thu 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Sevan

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 13:36 on Thu 13 Apr to 11:28 on Fri 14 Apr, so only Thursday night’s nishitha (00:38 Fri–01:21 Fri) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:25 here. Dwadashi ended at 15:55 Wed, before it. Trayodashi ends at 13:36, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Wed 12 Apr ran from sunset 19:35 Wed to sunrise 06:25, 10 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:25 to 19:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:36 to 06:23 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 330°. It leaves at 09:15, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 359.6° + 331.6° = 691.2°, one full turn and 331.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 09:41, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 02:44, when the lead reached 330°; Vanija runs until 13:36.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:25 to 06:23 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 15 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 16 Mar 1961, 22:50 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 27° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2018; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1883.