Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Sat 5 Jul 1913

Rath Yatra follows the tithi at sunrise. Dwitiya begins at 05:27 on Sat 5 Jul, after that sunrise, and ends at 02:37 on Sun 6 Jul, before the next: it holds no sunrise. A tithi that holds no sunrise is kept on the day it is current: Sat 5 Jul. No text giving Rath Yatra’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Rath Yatra: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 0°–12° is the 1st, Shukla Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 04:34 here. Amavasya ended at 08:05 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 05:29, when the lead reaches 12°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 4 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Dwitiya began at 05:29 and ended at 02:39 Sun, between the sunrises of 04:34 and 04:35 Sun. Saturday reads Pratipada and Sunday reads Tritiya: Dwitiya is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Fri 4 Jul ran from sunset 19:33 Fri to sunrise 04:34, 9 h 1 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 36 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 04:34 to 19:33, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 52 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:33 to 04:35 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 7 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 90°. It leaves at 08:01, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 79.8° + 91.2° = 171°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 160°00′–173°20′ is the 13th, Vyaghata. It ends at 08:10, then Harshana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Kinstughna and the second Bava. Kinstughna ended at 18:49 Fri, when the lead reached 6°; Bava runs until 05:29.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 04:34 to 04:35 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 15 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 2 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 4 Jul, with the Sun in Mithuna, began Ashadha. This Shukla paksha reads Ashadha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 6 Apr 1913, 20:47 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 86.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1970; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1835.