Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Fri 30 Jul 1909

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 06:00 on Fri 30 Jul to 04:42 on Sat 31 Jul, so only Friday’s pradosha (19:15–21:11) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 132°–144° is the 12th, Shukla Dwadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 04:54 here. Ekadashi ended at 06:36 Thu, before it. Dwadashi ends at 06:02, when the lead reaches 144°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Jul, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Trayodashi began at 06:02 and ended at 04:44 Sat, between the sunrises of 04:54 and 04:55 Sat. Friday reads Dwadashi and Saturday reads Chaturdashi: Trayodashi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Thu 29 Jul ran from sunset 19:18 Thu to sunrise 04:54, 9 h 36 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 38 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 04:54 to 19:17, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 47 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:17 to 04:55 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 12 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Mula spans 240°00′–253°20′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 246°40′. It leaves at 16:01, for Purva Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 103.7° + 247.1° = 350.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 346°40′–360°00′ is the 27th, Vaidhriti. It ends at 20:14, then Vishkambha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 18:25 Thu, when the lead reached 138°; Balava runs until 06:02.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 04:54 to 04:55 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 Jul 13:44 Sat to 16 Aug 02:54 Mon the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 16 Aug 06:05 Mon, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Jul, with the Sun in Karka, began Shravana (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 1909, 23:11 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 125.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1966; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1831.