Panchang in Sevan, Gegharkunik, Armenia Fri 13 Apr 1900

The Sun enters Mesha at 23:27 Thu, after sunset (18:33 Thu), so the next day keeps it: Fri 13 Apr. No text giving Mesha Sankranti’s time was found; sankranti is Tithika’s convention.

Mesha Sankranti: every date in Sevan

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 156°–168° is the 14th, Shukla Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:25 here. Trayodashi ended at 23:59 Thu, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 02:08 Sat, when the lead reaches 168°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 30 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 12 Apr ran from sunset 18:35 Thu to sunrise 05:25, 10 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:25 to 18:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:36 to 05:24 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Uttara Phalguni spans 146°40′–160°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 156°40′. It leaves at 07:58, for Hasta.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 0.2° + 158.7° = 158.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 146°40′–160°00′ is the 12th, Dhruva. It ends at 07:20, then Vyaghata.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 13:05, when the lead reaches 162°; Vanija until 02:08 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:25 to 05:24 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 12 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 29 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 30 Mar, with the Sun in Meena, began Chaitra. This Shukla paksha reads Chaitra in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 30 Mar 1900, 23:30 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 13° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 1957; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1822.