Panchang in Platnirovskaya, Krasnodar Krai, Russia Sat 28 Jul 2018

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 180°–192° is the 16th, Krishna Pratipada. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:01 here. Purnima ended at 23:20 Fri, before it. Pratipada ends at 01:50 Sun, when the lead reaches 192°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 27 Jul, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 27 Jul ran from sunset 19:56 Fri to sunrise 05:01, 9 h 5 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 36 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:01 to 19:55, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 51 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:55 to 05:02 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 8 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Shravana spans 280°00′–293°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 283°20′. It leaves at 01:07 Sun, for Dhanishtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 100.9° + 283.4° = 384.3°, one full turn and 24.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 09:29, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Pratipada is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 12:36, when the lead reaches 186°; Kaulava until 01:50 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:01 to 05:02 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mithuna gives Ashadha. The Sun enters Karka on 16 Jul, inside the month. The next new moon, 11 Aug, finds it in Karka and begins Shravana.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 11 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana here, and Ashadha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 16:11 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 128.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.