Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Mon 13 May 2075

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 02:08 on Mon 13 May to 03:18 on Tue 14 May, so only Monday night’s nishitha (00:03 Tue–00:47 Tue) falls within it. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:55 here. Trayodashi ended at 02:08, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 03:18 Tue, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 1 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sun 12 May ran from sunset 18:55 Sun to sunrise 05:55, 11 h 0 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:55 to 18:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:56 to 05:54 Tue, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 3°20′. It leaves at 21:23, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 27.5° + 5.3° = 32.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 18:44, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti runs until 14:40, when the lead reaches 342°; Shakuni until 03:18 Tue.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:55 to 05:54 Tue, so the hours after midnight still belong to Somawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 15 Apr 14:26 Mon to 15 May 04:53 Wed the Sun stayed in Mesha, entering Vrishabha at 15 May 19:39 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Vaishakha, before Vaishakha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha (Adhik) here, and Vaishakha (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2075, 00:56 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 56.1° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2132; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1997.