Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 23 May 2074

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 21:02 on Tue 22 May to 23:25 on Wed 23 May, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Wed 23 May. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi runs from 23:25 on Wed 23 May to 01:51 on Fri 25 May, holding as much of nishitha on both nights. The Nirnayasindhu then takes the earlier: Wed 23 May. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:52 here. Dwadashi ended at 21:02 Tue, before it. Trayodashi ends at 23:25, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 11 May, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Tue 22 May ran from sunset 18:59 Tue to sunrise 05:52, 10 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:52 to 19:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:00 to 05:51 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Ashwini spans 0°00′–13°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 3°20′. It leaves at 21:52, for Bharani.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 37.4° + 5.4° = 42.8°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 40°00′–53°20′ is the 4th, Saubhagya. It ends at 01:33 Thu, then Shobhana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 10:13, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 23:25.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:52 to 05:51 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 15 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, begins Jyeshtha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Jyeshtha here, and Vaishakha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 27 Mar 2074, 19:50 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 55° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2131; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1996.