Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 10 May 2048

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 20:48 on Sat 9 May to 22:20 on Sun 10 May, touching pradosha on both evenings. The Nirnayasindhu takes the evening it holds more of: Sun 10 May. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

Shiva’s worship centres on nishitha, the midnight muhurta. Chaturdashi began at 22:20 on Sun 10 May, before that night’s nishitha, and ended at 00:15 on Tue 12 May, partway into the next. The Nirnayasindhu takes the night Chaturdashi fills: Sun 10 May. No text giving Masik Shivratri’s time was found; nishitha is Tithika’s convention.

Masik Shivratri: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 324°–336° is the 28th, Krishna Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:56 here. Dwadashi ended at 20:48 Sat, before it. Trayodashi ends at 22:20, when the lead reaches 336°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 28 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 9 May ran from sunset 18:54 Sat to sunrise 05:56, 11 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:56 to 18:55, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:55 to 05:55 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 353°20′. It leaves at 18:04, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 25.5° + 353.8° = 379.3°, one full turn and 19.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 13°20′–26°40′ is the 2nd, Priti. It ends at 19:18, then Ayushmana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja runs until 09:31, when the lead reaches 330°; Vanija until 22:20.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:56 to 05:55 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 14 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 13 May, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 13 May, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 14 Mar 2048, 19:57 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 55.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2105; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1970.