Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 20 Aug 2031

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 12°–24° is the 2nd, Shukla Dwitiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:11 here. Pratipada ended at 11:36 Tue, before it. Dwitiya ends at 12:50, when the lead reaches 24°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 18 Aug, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Tue 19 Aug ran from sunset 18:54 Tue to sunrise 06:11, 11 h 17 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:11 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 06:11 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 143°20′. It leaves at 12:34, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 122.5° + 143.4° = 265.9°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 253°20′–266°40′ is the 20th, Shiva. It ends at 07:33, then Siddha.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dwitiya is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 00:16, when the lead reached 18°; Kaulava runs until 12:50.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:11 to 06:11 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Aug 10:02 Mon to 17 Sep 00:16 Wed the Sun stayed in Simha, entering Kanya at 17 Sep 14:49 Wed, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Bhadrapada, before Bhadrapada itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 18 Aug, with the Sun in Simha, began Bhadrapada (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Bhadrapada (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 23 Mar 2031, 09:19 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 144.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2088; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1953.