Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 6 Aug 2023

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 228°–240° is the 20th, Krishna Panchami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:07 here. Chaturthi ended at 09:40 Sat, before it. Panchami ends at 07:10, when the lead reaches 240°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 2 Aug, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Shashthi began at 07:10 and ended at 05:20 Mon, between the sunrises of 06:07 and 06:07 Mon. Sunday reads Panchami and Monday reads Saptami: Shashthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Sat 5 Aug ran from sunset 19:03 Sat to sunrise 06:07, 11 h 4 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:07 to 19:02, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:02 to 06:07 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 346°40′. It leaves at 01:43 Mon, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 109.1° + 348.6° = 457.7°, one full turn and 97.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 93°20′–106°40′ is the 8th, Dhriti. It ends at 20:26, then Shula.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Panchami is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava ended at 20:20 Sat, when the lead reached 234°; Taitila runs until 07:10.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:07 to 06:07 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 18 Jul 00:01 Tue to 16 Aug 15:08 Wed the Sun stayed in Karka, entering Simha at 17 Aug 13:32 Thu, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Shravana, before Shravana itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 16 Aug, with the Sun in Karka, begins Shravana (Adhik). Until then this Krishna paksha reads Shravana (Adhik) here, and Shravana (Adhik) in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 21 Mar 2023, 22:53 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 132.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2080; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1945.