Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 25 Oct 2020

Dussehra’s rites are done in aparahna, the fourth fifth of the day. Dashami runs from 07:42 on Sun 25 Oct to 09:00 on Mon 26 Oct, so only Sunday’s aparahna (13:22–15:40) falls within it.

Dussehra: every date in Pāthardi

Maha Navami follows the tithi at sunrise. Navami runs from 06:59 on Sat 24 Oct to 07:42 on Sun 25 Oct, so it holds sunrise only on Sun 25 Oct, at 06:26. No text giving Maha Navami’s time was found; sunrise is Tithika’s convention.

Maha Navami: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:26 here. Ashtami ended at 06:59 Sat, before it. Navami ends at 07:42, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Sat 24 Oct ran from sunset 17:59 Sat to sunrise 06:26, 12 h 27 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:26 to 17:59, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:59 to 06:27 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 293°20′. It leaves at 04:23 Mon, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 187.9° + 295.3° = 483.2°, one full turn and 123.2°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 120°00′–133°20′ is the 10th, Ganda. It ends at 00:27 Mon, then Vriddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 19:15 Sat, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 07:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:26 to 06:27 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 15 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 14:58 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 207.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.