Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 5 May 2020

Shiva’s Pradosh puja is done in pradosha, the 3 muhurtas after sunset. Trayodashi runs from 02:54 on Tue 5 May to 23:21 on Tue 5 May, so only Tuesday’s pradosha (18:53–21:06) falls within it. No text giving Pradosh Vrat’s time was found; pradosha is Tithika’s convention.

Pradosh Vrat: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 144°–156° is the 13th, Shukla Trayodashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:58 here. Dwadashi ended at 02:54, before it. Trayodashi ends at 23:21, when the lead reaches 156°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 23 Apr, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Mon 4 May ran from sunset 18:52 Mon to sunrise 05:58, 11 h 6 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 44 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:58 to 18:53, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:53 to 05:58 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Hasta spans 160°00′–173°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 163°20′. It leaves at 16:38, for Chitra.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 20.8° + 166.6° = 187.4°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 186°40′–200°00′ is the 15th, Vajra. It ends at 00:42 Wed, then Siddhi.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Trayodashi is Kaulava and the second Taitila. Kaulava runs until 13:09, when the lead reaches 150°; Taitila until 23:21.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:58 to 05:58 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Mesha gives Vaishakha. The Sun enters Vrishabha on 14 May, inside the month. The next new moon, 22 May, finds it in Vrishabha and begins Jyeshtha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, began Vaishakha. This Shukla paksha reads Vaishakha in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 14:58 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 40.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.