Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 11 Apr 2020

The Sankashti fast is broken at moonrise. Chaturthi runs from 21:32 on Fri 10 Apr to 19:01 on Sat 11 Apr, between the two nights’ moonrise, touching neither. The Dharmasindhu then takes the later day: Sat 11 Apr. No text giving Sankashti Chaturthi’s time was found; moonrise is Tithika’s convention.

Sankashti Chaturthi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 216°–228° is the 19th, Krishna Chaturthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:14 here. Tritiya ended at 21:32 Fri, before it. Chaturthi ends at 19:01, when the lead reaches 228°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 8 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 10 Apr ran from sunset 18:45 Fri to sunrise 06:14, 11 h 29 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:14 to 18:45, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 33 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:45 to 06:14 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 216°40′. It leaves at 20:11, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 357.5° + 218.4° = 575.9°, one full turn and 215.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 213°20′–226°40′ is the 17th, Vyatipata. It ends at 23:19, then Variyana.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturthi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava runs until 08:11, when the lead reaches 222°; Balava until 19:01.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:14 to 06:14 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 13 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 24 Mar 2020, 14:58 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 17.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2077; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1942.