Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 24 Sep 2019

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 288°–300° is the 25th, Krishna Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:18 here. Navami ended at 18:37 Mon, before it. Dashami ends at 16:42, when the lead reaches 300°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 14 Sep, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 23 Sep ran from sunset 18:25 Mon to sunrise 06:18, 11 h 53 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 47 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:18 to 18:24, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:24 to 06:18 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 90°. It leaves at 10:30, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 156.6° + 90.9° = 247.5°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 240°00′–253°20′ is the 19th, Parigha. It ends at 15:41, then Shiva.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija ended at 05:45, when the lead reached 294°; Vishti runs until 16:42.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:18 to 06:18 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Simha gives Bhadrapada. The Sun enters Kanya on 17 Sep, inside the month. The next new moon, 28 Sep, finds it in Kanya and begins Ashwina.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 28 Sep, with the Sun in Kanya, begins Ashwina. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashwina here, and Bhadrapada in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 5 Apr 2019, 14:20 Fri. Since then the Sun has moved 165.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2076; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1941.