Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 30 Oct 2018

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 240°–252° is the 21st, Krishna Shashthi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:28 here. Panchami ended at 15:03 Mon, before it. Shashthi ends at 13:08, when the lead reaches 252°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 24 Oct, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Mon 29 Oct ran from sunset 17:57 Mon to sunrise 06:28, 12 h 31 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 50 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:28 to 17:56, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 26 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:56 to 06:29 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 34 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Punarvasu spans 80°00′–93°20′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 80°. It leaves at 03:50 Wed, for Pushya.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 192.4° + 80.8° = 273.2°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 266°40′–280°00′ is the 21st, Siddha. It ends at 17:15, then Sadhya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Shashthi is Garaja and the second Vanija. Garaja ended at 02:06, when the lead reached 246°; Vanija runs until 13:08.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:28 to 06:29 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 7 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 7 Nov, with the Sun in Tula, begins Kartika. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Kartika here, and Ashwina in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 17 Mar 2018, 18:41 Sat. Since then the Sun has moved 219.6° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2075; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1940.