Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sat 17 Jun 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 264°–276° is the 23rd, Krishna Ashtami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:51 here. Saptami ended at 05:15, before it. Ashtami ends at 04:38 Sun, when the lead reaches 276°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Fri 16 Jun ran from sunset 19:08 Fri to sunrise 05:51, 10 h 43 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:51 to 19:08, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:08 to 05:51 Sun, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Bhadrapada spans 320°00′–333°20′; the Moon entered its pada 2 at 323°20′. It leaves at 18:47, for Uttara Bhadrapada.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 61.9° + 326.2° = 388.1°, one full turn and 28.1°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 01:52 Sun, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ashtami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava runs until 17:02, when the lead reaches 270°; Kaulava until 04:38 Sun.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:51 to 05:51 Sun, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shaniwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 15 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 24 Jun, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 24 Jun, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha here, and Jyeshtha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 08:27 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 78.4° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.