Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 21 Apr 2017

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 288°–300° is the 25th, Krishna Dashami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:07 here. Navami ended at 04:54, before it. Dashami ends at 04:55 Sat, when the lead reaches 300°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 11 Apr, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Thu 20 Apr ran from sunset 18:48 Thu to sunrise 06:07, 11 h 19 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 45 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:07 to 18:48, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 35 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:48 to 06:06 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 24 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Dhanishtha spans 293°20′–306°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 293°20′. It leaves at 02:36 Sat, for Shatabhisha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 7° + 295.6° = 302.6°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 293°20′–306°40′ is the 23rd, Shubha. It ends at 13:09, then Shukla.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Dashami is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 17:01, when the lead reaches 294°; Vishti until 04:55 Sat.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:07 to 06:06 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Meena gives Chaitra. The Sun enters Mesha on 14 Apr, inside the month. The next new moon, 26 Apr, finds it in Mesha and begins Vaishakha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 26 Apr, with the Sun in Mesha, begins Vaishakha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Vaishakha here, and Chaitra in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 28 Mar 2017, 08:27 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 23.5° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2074; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1939.