Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Thu 18 Oct 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 24°–36° is the 3rd, Shukla Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:24 here. Dwitiya ended at 10:58 Wed, before it. Tritiya ends at 07:43, when the lead reaches 36°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 15 Oct, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Chaturthi began at 07:43 and ended at 04:40 Fri, between the sunrises of 06:24 and 06:24 Fri. Thursday reads Tritiya and Friday reads Panchami: Chaturthi is a kshaya tithi here.

The night of Wed 17 Oct ran from sunset 18:04 Wed to sunrise 06:24, 12 h 20 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 49 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:24 to 18:03, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 27 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:03 to 06:24 Fri, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 32 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Anuradha spans 213°20′–226°40′; the Moon entered its pada 1 at 213°20′. It leaves at 23:19, for Jyeshtha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 181° + 216.3° = 397.3°, one full turn and 37.3°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 26°40′–40°00′ is the 3rd, Ayushmana. It ends at 10:32, then Saubhagya.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 21:20 Wed, when the lead reached 30°; Garaja runs until 07:43.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:24 to 06:24 Fri, so the hours after midnight still belong to Guruwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kanya gives Ashwina. The Sun enters Tula on 17 Oct, inside the month. The next new moon, 14 Nov, finds it in Tula and begins Kartika.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 15 Oct, with the Sun in Kanya, began Ashwina. This Shukla paksha reads Ashwina in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 22 Mar 2012, 20:07 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 202.7° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2069; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1934.