Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Sun 22 Jan 2012

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 336°–348° is the 29th, Krishna Chaturdashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 07:05 here. Trayodashi ended at 15:49 Sat, before it. Chaturdashi ends at 14:19, when the lead reaches 348°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 9 Jan, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

The night of Sat 21 Jan ran from sunset 18:15 Sat to sunrise 07:05, 12 h 50 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 51 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 07:05 to 18:15, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 23 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:15 to 07:05 Mon, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 36 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 16:01, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 277.4° + 261.5° = 538.9°, one full turn and 178.9°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 19:39, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Chaturdashi is Vishti and the second Shakuni. Vishti ended at 03:02, when the lead reached 342°; Shakuni runs until 14:19.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 07:05 to 07:05 Mon, so the hours after midnight still belong to Raviwara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Dhanu gives Pausha. The Sun enters Makara on 15 Jan, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Jan, finds it in Makara and begins Magha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Jan, with the Sun in Makara, begins Magha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Magha here, and Pausha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 3 Apr 2011, 20:02 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 287.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2068; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1933.