Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 8 Mar 2011

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 24°–36° is the 3rd, Shukla Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:43 here. Dwitiya ended at 07:14 Mon, before it. Tritiya ends at 09:44, when the lead reaches 36°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 5 Mar, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Mon 7 Mar ran from sunset 18:36 Mon to sunrise 06:43, 12 h 7 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 48 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:43 to 18:36, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 29 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 18:36 to 06:42 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 30 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Revati spans 346°40′–360°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 356°40′. It leaves at 11:18, for Ashwini.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 323.1° + 357.7° = 680.8°, one full turn and 320.8°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 320°00′–333°20′ is the 25th, Brahma. It ends at 05:58 Wed, then Indra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Taitila and the second Garaja. Taitila ended at 20:29 Mon, when the lead reached 30°; Garaja runs until 09:44.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:43 to 06:42 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Kumbha gives Phalguna. The Sun enters Meena on 15 Mar, inside the month. The next new moon, 3 Apr, finds it in Meena and begins Chaitra.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 5 Mar, with the Sun in Kumbha, began Phalguna. This Shukla paksha reads Phalguna in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 16 Mar 2010, 02:31 Tue. Since then the Sun has moved 351.9° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2067; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1932.