Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Wed 10 Jun 2009

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 204°–216° is the 18th, Krishna Tritiya. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:50 here. Dwitiya ended at 04:12, before it. Tritiya ends at 06:46 Thu, when the lead reaches 216°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 7 Jun, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Tritiya began at 04:12, before sunrise at 05:50, and ends at 06:46 Thu, after the next sunrise at 05:50 Thu. Both days read Tritiya: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Tue 9 Jun ran from sunset 19:06 Tue to sunrise 05:50, 10 h 44 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 42 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:50 to 19:06, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 39 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:06 to 05:50 Thu, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 20 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Ashadha spans 253°20′–266°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 260°. It leaves at 19:21, for Uttara Ashadha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 55.3° + 260° = 315.3°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 306°40′–320°00′ is the 24th, Shukla. It ends at 14:40, then Brahma.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Tritiya is Vanija and the second Vishti. Vanija runs until 17:29, when the lead reaches 210°; Vishti until 06:46 Thu.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:50 to 05:50 Thu, so the hours after midnight still belong to Budhawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishabha gives Jyeshtha. The Sun enters Mithuna on 15 Jun, inside the month. The next new moon, 23 Jun, finds it in Mithuna and begins Ashadha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 23 Jun, with the Sun in Mithuna, begins Ashadha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Ashadha here, and Jyeshtha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 26 Mar 2009, 21:35 Thu. Since then the Sun has moved 73.2° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2066; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1931.