Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Tue 23 Dec 2008

Smartas test Ekadashi at sunrise. It holds both sunrises, 06:58 on Mon 22 Dec and 06:59 on Tue 23 Dec. Ekadashi (06:09 Mon 22 Dec to 07:58 Tue 23 Dec) and Dwadashi (07:58 Tue 23 Dec to 10:10 Wed 24 Dec) are both longer than their day; when both grow, Smartas take the later day: Tue 23 Dec. Vaishnavas test arunodaya: on Mon 22 Dec Dashami lasts until 06:09, inside it (05:22–06:58); on Tue 23 Dec Ekadashi holds all of it.

Saphala Ekadashi: every date in Pāthardi

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 300°–312° is the 26th, Krishna Ekadashi. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 06:59 here. Dashami ended at 06:09 Mon, before it. Ekadashi ends at 07:58, when the lead reaches 312°. The lead passed 180° at the full moon of 12 Dec, so the Moon is waning: Krishna paksha.

A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise. Ekadashi began at 06:09 Mon, before sunrise at 06:58 Mon, and ends at 07:58, after the next sunrise at 06:59. Both days read Ekadashi: it is a vriddhi tithi here.

The night of Mon 22 Dec ran from sunset 17:57 Mon to sunrise 06:59, 13 h 2 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 52 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 06:59 to 17:57, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 22 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 17:57 to 06:59 Wed, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 37 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Swati spans 186°40′–200°00′; the Moon entered its pada 4 at 196°40′. It leaves at 08:40, for Vishakha.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 247.6° + 199.1° = 446.7°, one full turn and 86.7°. Past the turn, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, it gives the yoga: 80°00′–93°20′ is the 7th, Sukarma. It ends at 19:04, then Dhriti.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Ekadashi is Bava and the second Balava. Bava ended at 19:00 Mon, when the lead reached 306°; Balava runs until 07:58.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 06:59 to 06:59 Wed, so the hours after midnight still belong to Mangalawara.

An amanta month runs from new moon to new moon and takes its name from the rashi the Sun is in at the new moon that begins it: Vrishchika gives Margashirsha. The Sun enters Dhanu on 15 Dec, inside the month. The next new moon, 27 Dec, finds it in Dhanu and begins Pausha.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 27 Dec, with the Sun in Dhanu, begins Pausha. Until then this Krishna paksha reads Pausha here, and Margashirsha in the amanta count.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 6 Apr 2008, 09:25 Sun. Since then the Sun has moved 254.8° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2065; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1930.