Panchang in Pāthardi, Maharashtra Fri 25 May 2007

The Moon gains on the Sun about 12° a day. Each 12° of lead is one tithi: 96°–108° is the 9th, Shukla Navami. A day takes the tithi in force at its sunrise, 05:51 here. Ashtami ended at 15:22 Thu, before it. Navami ends at 17:25, when the lead reaches 108°. The lead passed 0° at the new moon of 17 May, so the Moon is waxing: Shukla paksha.

The night of Thu 24 May ran from sunset 19:00 Thu to sunrise 05:51, 10 h 51 m. Cut into 15 muhurtas of 43 m, its 14th is Brahma Muhurta, the one before the last.

Daylight here, 05:51 to 19:00, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 38 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The night here, 19:00 to 05:51 Sat, splits into 8 choghadiyas of 1 h 21 m. Their names follow a fixed order that starts from the weekday, and each name is counted good, neutral or bad.

The fixed stars divide the Moon's path into 27 nakshatras of 13°20′, each in 4 padas of 3°20′. Purva Phalguni spans 133°20′–146°40′; the Moon entered its pada 3 at 140°. It leaves at 14:50, for Uttara Phalguni.

Add the Sun's and the Moon's places among the stars: 39.5° + 142.2° = 181.7°. The sum, cut into 27 parts of 13°20′, gives the yoga: 173°20′–186°40′ is the 14th, Harshana. It ends at 15:07, then Vajra.

A karana is half a tithi: 6° of the Moon's lead, so the first half of Navami is Balava and the second Kaulava. Balava ended at 04:20, when the lead reached 102°; Kaulava runs until 17:25.

A Hindu day runs from one sunrise to the next, not midnight to midnight. This one runs 05:51 to 05:51 Sat, so the hours after midnight still belong to Shukrawara.

A month normally holds one sankranti, the Sun's entry into a new rashi. From 17 May 00:57 Thu to 15 Jun 08:43 Fri the Sun stayed in Vrishabha, entering Mithuna at 15 Jun 15:52 Fri, after the new moon. A month with no sankranti is Adhika Jyeshtha, before Jyeshtha itself.

A purnimanta month runs from full moon to full moon, so its waning half comes first. It shares its name with the amanta month that its second half falls in: the new moon of 17 May, with the Sun in Vrishabha, began Jyeshtha (Adhik). This Shukla paksha reads Jyeshtha (Adhik) in both counts.

A samvat year begins with Chaitra, the month whose new moon finds the Sun in Meena: 19 Mar 2007, 08:12 Mon. Since then the Sun has moved 65.3° round the stars. Vikram Samvat numbers that year 2064; Shaka Samvat numbers it 1929.